Jim Crow, American

Jim Crow is the figure that has long represented Americarsquo;s imperfect union. When the white actor Thomas D. Rice took to the stage in blackface as Jim Crow, during the 1830s, a ragged and charismatic trickster began channeling black folklore through American popular culture. This compact edition of the earliest Jim Crow plays and songs presents essential performances that assembled backtalk, banter, masquerade, and dance into the diagnostic American style. Quite contrary to Jim Crowrsquo;s reputation-which is to say, the termrsquo;s later meaning-these early acts undermine both racism and slavery. They celebrate an irresistibly attractive blackness in a young Republic that had failed to come together until Americans agreed to disagree over Jim Crowrsquo;s meaning.As they permeated American popular culture, these distinctive themes formed a template which anticipated minstrel shows, vaudeville, ragtime, jazz, early talking film, and rock lsquo;nrsquo; roll. They all show whites using rogue blackness to rehearse their mutual disaffection and uneven exclusion.